OPTIMALISASI REPRODUKSI INDUK UNTUK MENJAGA KESEIMBANGAN POPULASI UDANG WINDU DI PERAIRAN TARAKAN KALIMANTAN UTARA
Muhammad Amien, Heppi Iromo
Abstract
Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah ingin memanfaatkan induk betina udang windu afkir untuk pembenihan udang. Permintaan induk udang windu matang gonad untuk hatchery di Tarakan cukup tinggi. Induk yang digunakan umumnya berasal dari penangkap di perairan lokal sekitar pulau Tarakan. Induk udang yang dibutuhkan oleh pihak perusahaan adalah induk udang yang sudah matang gonad tingkat II dan III. Induk matang gonad yang diperlukan pertahun jumlahnya sekitar 16.000 ekor namun pemanfaatanya belum optimal karena induk-induk tersebut hanya digunakan sekali pemijahan. Jika hal ini dibiarkan maka akan terjadi kelangkaan induk dimasa yang akan datang. Â Perlu adanya upaya pengamanan terhadap keberadaan induk udang windu alam agar terjaga keseimbangan populasinya, yaitu dengan cara pemanfaatan kembali induk udang afkir agar dapat bereproduksi secara optimal sehingga dapat mengurangi penangkapan induk di alam dan tetap dapat memenuhi kebutuhan benih udang windu.Â
Tahapan pertama dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah mengumpulkan induk-induk udang windu afkir sehingga terbentuk bank induk. Calon induk yang akan digunakan untuk memproduksi benih dipilih dengan cermat dan memenuhi kriteria sebagai induk. Selanjutnya calon induk terpilih diadaptasikan dan dilakukan ablasi untuk mempercepat pematangan gonad. Tahap kedua adalah proses pemeliharaan larva yang berasal dari induk udang windu afkir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa udang induk afkir masih dapat digunakan untuk reproduksi ulang. Tingkat kematian yang masih tinggi pada udang afkir sehingga menyebabkan perbedaan yang nyata (P>0.05) dengan induk matang gonad dari alam disebabkan kondisi yang stres pasca pemijahan awal. Kelangsungan hidup larva yang berasal dari induk afkir menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata (P<0.05) dengan larva dari induk matang gonad di alam. Â
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Kata Kunci : Udang windu afkir, matang gonad, larva.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35334/harpodon.v7i2.116
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Alamat Redaksi: Fakultas Perikanan Gedung E. Lantai 1 Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Jl. Amal Lama No. 1 Tarakan. Kalimantan Utara
Email: harpodonborneo@borneo.ac.id
Website: jurnal.borneo.ac.id/index.php/harpodon
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