ASSESSMENT DAN MANAJEMEN TRAUMA PADA ANAK

Dewi Rachmawati

doi:10.35334/borticalth.v3i2.1620

ASSESSMENT DAN MANAJEMEN TRAUMA PADA ANAK

Dewi Rachmawati

Abstract

Trauma adalah penyebab umum kematian dan kecacatan pada anak. Assessment dan manajemen trauma yang tepat pada anak sangat penting untuk menurunkan mortalitas.Â Metode literature review ini adalah mengumpulkan dan melakukan analisis textbook dan artikel yang terkait manajemen trauma pada anak. Sumber literature review dari textbook dan artikel elektronik seperti ScienceDirect, World Health Organisation, Google Scholar dan PubMed dengan kriteria textbook dan artikel yang dipublikasi selama periode 2000-2015. Assessment dan manajemen trauma pada anak prinsipnya sama dengan orang dewasa, yang membedakan karakteristik tertentu pada anak. Dimulai dari primary assessment dan resusitasi yang terdiri dari Airway dan stabilisasi tulang belakang (melihat patensi, potensial obstruksi jalan nafas dan melakukan stabilisasi tulang belakang dengan cervical collar), Breathing dan ventilasi, Circulation dan kontrol perdarahan, Disability Assessment (Pemeriksaan neurologis lengkap), Exposure dan Pemeriksaan lengkap. Sedangkan Secondary Assessment mencangkup Full set of vital sign/family presence, Give comfort, History dan Head to-toe assessment, Inspect posterior surfaces. Setelah dilakukan pengkajian dan penatalaksanaan maka langkah selanjutnya melakukan evaluasi perubahan kondisi dan memberikan tindakan perawatan yang tidak mengancam nyawa. Untuk ituÂ perawat di unit gawat darurat harus memperhatikan dengan seksama dan melakukan pengkajian dengan tepat untuk mencegah terjadinya kematian dan pasien mendapatkan penanganan dengan segera.

Keywords

Assessment, manajemen, anak

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35334/borticalth.v3i2.1620