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Yoga dan Kesehatan Ibu Hamil : Scoping Review Terhadap Pendekatan Holistik Dalam Asuhan Kehamilan
Abstract
Abstrak
Yoga merupakan salah satu pendekatan holistik yang dikenal dapat mendukung kesehatan ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan scoping review guna mengevaluasi manfaat yoga prenatal, dengan fokus pada peningkatan kesehatan fisik, psikologis, serta luaran kehamilan. Kajian ini mencakup tujuh penelitian dengan desain kuasi-eksperimental, uji coba terkontrol acak (RCT), dan studi klinis yang dipublikasikan dalam lima tahun terakhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yoga prenatal secara signifikan mampu mengurangi kecemasan prenatal hingga 11,10%, meningkatkan kualitas tidur melalui perbaikan skor PSQI, dan mempersingkat durasi persalinan rata-rata sebesar 1,36 jam. Selain itu, yoga juga mendukung regulasi hormon stres, seperti penurunan ekspresi gen FKBP5, serta meningkatkan luaran neonatus, termasuk skor Apgar bayi yang lebih tinggi. Namun, penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan, seperti variasi desain studi dan ukuran sampel yang kecil, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan dengan metodologi yang lebih solid. Hasil ini mendukung pengintegrasian yoga sebagai bagian dari program antenatal untuk mendukung kesejahteraan ibu dan bayi secara efektif dan aman.
Kata kunci : Yoga Prenatal, Kecemasan Prenatal, Durasi Persalinan, Kesehatan Ibu Hamil, Pendekatan Holistik.
Abstract
Yoga is a holistic approach widely acknowledged for its potential to enhance maternal health during pregnancy. This study aims to perform a scoping review to evaluate the benefits of prenatal yoga, focusing on improvements in physical health, psychological well-being, and pregnancy outcomes. The review analyzed seven studies involving quasi-experimental designs, randomized controlled trials (RCT), and clinical trials published within the last five years. The findings highlight that prenatal yoga significantly reduces prenatal anxiety by up to 11.10%, enhances sleep quality with improved PSQI scores, and shortens labor duration by an average of 1.36 hours. Additionally, yoga aids in regulating stress hormones, such as reducing FKBP5 gene expression, and contributes to better neonatal outcomes, including higher Apgar scores. Despite these promising results, limitations such as variations in study design and small sample sizes necessitate further research with more rigorous methodologies. These findings support the integration of yoga into antenatal care programs as a safe and effective method for enhancing maternal and neonatal well-being.
Keywords: Prenatal Yoga, Prenatal Anxiety, Labor Duration, Maternal Health, Holistic Approach.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35334/borticalth.v8i1.6169
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