THE EFFECTIVENESS COMBINATION OF PALM KERNEL BIOCHAR AND TITHONIA COMPOST ON IMPROVING HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE AND CORN YIELD IN ULTISOL

Diah - Listyarini, Endriani Endriani, Frangki Pasaribu

Abstract


The primary objective of this research was to investigate the efficacy of a combination of soil ameliorants, specifically oil palm shell biochar and tithonia compost, in enhancing the hydrological response of Ultisols and increasing corn yields. The study aimed to identify the optimal dosage combination that would significantly impact Ultisol hydrological response and maize yield. The randomized block design (RBD) was utilized to conduct the study. The ameliorant materials consisted of oil palm shell biochar and tithonia compost, which were divided into six treatments and four groups, including without Biochar and compost (p0), 10 tonnes/ha of Biochar (p1), 7.5 tonnes/ha of biochar & 2.5 tonnes/ha of compost (p2), 5 tonnes/ha of biochar & 5 tonnes/ha of compost (p3), 2.5 tonnes/ha of Biochar + 7.5 tonnes/ha (p4), and 10 tonnes/ha of compost (p5). Soil physical parameters, such as soil organic matter, soil bulk density, total pore space, soil texture, permeability, infiltration rate, and soil infiltration capacity, were monitored during the study. The BNJ test with a 95% confidence level was used to analyze the research data. The result of the study indicated that the p3 treatment (5 tonnes/ha of Biochar and 5 tonnes/ha of compost) and the p4 treatment (7.5 tonnes/ha of compost & 2.5 tonnes/ha of Biochar) demonstrated a more significant improvement in infiltration rate and capacity, as well as soil permeability, compared to the other treatments. Moreover, the p3 treatment (5 tonnes/ha of biochar & 5 tonnes/ha of compost) was shown to enhance corn yields by 80.53%, while the p4 treatment (2.5 tonnes/ha of biochar & 7.5 tonnes/ha of compost) resulted in an 80% increase in yields.
Keywords: Biochar; compost; infiltration; palm shells; tithonia; Ultisol


Full Text:

PDF

References


(1) Badan Pertanahan Nasional. 2011. Luas dan Jenis Tanah di Provinsi Jambi dalam Data Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura. Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Jambi. Jambi.

(2) Utomo B. 2008. Perbaikan Sifat Tanah Ultisol Untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Eucalyptus urphylla Pada Ketinggian 0-400 Meter. Skripsi. Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.

(3) Alibasyah R. 2016. Perubahan beberapa sifat fisika dan kimia ultisol akibat pemberian pupuk kompos dan kapur dolomit pada lahan berteras. Jurnal Floratek.

(4) Gani A. 2009. Potensi arang hayati biochar sebagai komponen teknologi perbaikan produktivitas lahan pertanian. Iptek Tanaman Pangan

(5) Amonette JE, Joseph S. 2012. Characteristics of Biochar:

Microchemical Properties. In Biochar for Environmental Management. Routledge.

(6) Widowati, Sutoyo. 2013. Kombinasi jenis biochar dan perimbangan pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung pada tanah terdegradasi. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan FGD Pendidikan dan Riset Agroekoteknologi.

(7) Yosephine IO, Gunawan H, Kurniawan R. 2021. pengaruh pemakaian jenis biochar pada sifat kimia tanah P dan K terhadap perkembangan vegetatif tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Media Tanam Ultisol.

(8) Kranz CN, McLaughli RA, Johnson A, Miller G, Heitman JL. 2020. The effects of compost incorporation on soil physical properties in urban soils–a concise review. Journal of Environmental Management.

(9) Gusnidar, Fitri A, Yasin S. 2019. Titonia dan jerami padi yang dikomposkan terhadap ciri kimia tanah dan produksi jagung pada ultisol. Jurnal Solum.

(10) Hasibuan I, Sarina AD, Damayanti A. 2021. Pemanfaatan gulma titonia (Tithonia diversifolia) sebagai pupuk organik pada tanaman jagung manis. Jurnal Agroqua: Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan.

(11) Pieter Y, Irmansyah, Mawarni L. 2015. pengujian kompos tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) pada dua varietas sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) di Desa Siopat Sosor Kabupaten Samosir. Jurnal Online Agroekoteaknologi.

(12) Syofiani R. 2019. Efektifitas pemberian kompos titonia (Tithonia diversifolia) untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai pada tanah bekas tambang emas. Jurnal Agrium.

(13) Lubis MF, Fauzi, Damanik MMB. 2018. Pengaruh kombinasi kompos Tithonia diversifolia dan pupuk kandang ayam dengan pupuk SP-36 terhadap serapan P dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) pada tanah ultisol Labuhan Batu Selatan. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi.

(14) Sukartono, Utomo WH. 2012. peranan biochar sebagai pembenah tanah pada pertanaman jagung di tanah lempung berpasir (Sandy Loam) semiarid tropis Lombok Utara. Jurnal Buana Sains.

(15) Rezeki R, Jufri Y, Syakur S. 2021. Pengaruh biochar terhadap serapan hara tanaman jagung manis pada tanah bekas tambang batubara. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian.

(16) Johnson HJ, Colquhoun JB, Bussan AJ, Rittmeyer RA. 2010. Feasibility of organic weed management in sweet corn and snap bean for processing. Weed Technology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-09-052.1

(17) Schoenholtz SH, Miegroet VH, Burger JA. 2000. A review of

chemical and physical properties as indicators of forest soil quality: challenges and opportunities. Forest Ecology and Management.

(18) Arifiati A, Syekhfani, Nuraini Y. 2017. Uji efektivitas perbandingan bahan kompos paitan dan kotoran kambing terhadap serapan N tanaman jagung pada inceptisol. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan.

(19) Simamora L. 2020. Perbaikan retensi air dengan pemberian biochar cangkang kelapa sawit dan pupuk kandang ayam serta pengaruhnya terhadap hasil kedelai pada ultisol. Skripsi. Universitas Jambi, Indonesia.

(20) Endriani, Kurniawan A. 2018. Konservasi tanah dan karbon melalui pemanfaatan biochar pada pertanaman kedelai. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi.

(21) Ramli PA, Rajamuddin UA. 2016. Perubahan sifat fisik tanah akibat pemberian pupuk kandang dan mulsa pada pertanaman terung ungu (Solanum Melongena L.), entisol, Tondo Palu. E-Jurnal Agrotekbis.

(22) Maftu’ah E, Nursyamsi D. 2015. Potensi berbagai bahan organik rawa sebagai sumber biochar. Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia.

(23) Barus J. 2016. Utilization of crops residues as compost and biochar for improving soil physical properties and upland rice productivity. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management.

(24) Zhaeittun PP. 2016. pengaruh biochar terhadap sifat fisik tanah dan agregat halus contoh tanah typic kanhapludults kebun percobaan Taman Bogo, Lampung Timur. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia.

(25) Ricardy E. 2017. Kajian tingkat laju infiltrasi pada beberapa penggunaan lahan di Desa Sumber Brantas, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Disertasi. Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia.

(26) Hartiwi YW, Wijana G, Dwiyani R. 2017. Pertumbuhan dan hasil berbagai varietas kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) pada kadar air yang berbeda. Agrotrop.

(27) Pertiwi SK, Rizal K., Triyanto Y. 2021. Pengaruh aplikasi POC (Pupuk Organik Cair) urin kambing dan pestisida alami terhadap respon pertumbuhan tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) beda varietas di Desa Gunung Selamat Bilah Hulu Labuhan Batu. J-PEN Borneo: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.35334/jpen.v6i1.3543

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 J-PEN Borneo : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian

      P-ISSN :                         E-ISSN :                                  Affiliation :

                           


Creative Commons License
All publications in J-PEN Borneo : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.